Max Ventures and Industries Ltd. कंपली की लेखा नीति

Mar 31, 2018

Significant accounting policies

1A BASIS OF PREPARATION

The Standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (IND AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended. For all years up to and including the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance accounting standards notified under the section 133 of the Companies Act 2013, read together with paragraph 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Indian GAAP). These financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018 are the first financial statement of the Company prepared in accordance with IND AS notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standard) Rules, 2015, as amended. Refer to note 36, 37 and 38 for information on adoption of IND AS. The Company is in Phase-2 of Ind-AS adoption, accordingly date of transition is April 1, 2016.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value

(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value

Financial Statement are presented in INR and all values are rounded to nearest Lakhs (INR 00,000) except when otherwise stated

1B SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

a. Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:

(i) Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

(ii) Held primarily for the purpose of trading

(iii) Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or

(iv) Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:

(i) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

(ii) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading

(iii) It is due to settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

(iv) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

b. Property, Plant and Equipment

Under the previous GAAP (Indian GAAP), all assets were carried in the balance sheet at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. On the date of transition to IND AS, the Company has applied exemptions of IND AS 101 to continue the carrying value of all property, plant and equipment as at the date of transition as its deemed cost.

Property, Plant and equipment including capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses directly attributable and related to acquisition and installation of the concerned assets and are further adjusted by the amount of CENVAT credit and VAT/GST credit availed wherever applicable. When significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their respective useful lives. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognized is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the income statement when the asset is derecognized.

The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part has a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset.

Capital work- in- progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

c. Intangible assets

Under the previous GAAP (Indian GAAP), all assets were carried in the balance sheet at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. On the date of transition to IND AS, the Company has applied exemptions of IND AS 101 to continue the carrying value of all intangible assets as at the date of transition as its deemed cost.

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangibles, excluding capitalized development cost, are not capitalized and the related expenditure is reflected in statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which the expenditure is incurred. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful economic lives and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life is reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset is accounted for by changing the amortization period or method, as appropriate and are trated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible assets.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from disposal of the intangible assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the assets are disposed off.

Intangible assets with finite useful life are amortized on a straight line basis over their estimated useful life of 3-6 years.

d. Impairment of non financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s, recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) net fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net fair value less cost of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation mulitples, quoted share prices for publicly traded companies or other available fair value indicators.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally covering a period of five years. For the remaining economic life of the asset or cash-generating unit (CGU), a long term growth rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the fifth year. To estimate cash flow projections beyond periods covered by the most recent budgets/forecasts, the Company extrapolates cash flow projections in the budget using a steady or declining growth rate for subsequent years, unless an increasing rate can be justified. In this case, the growth rate does not exceed the long-term average growth rate for the products, industries, or country or countries in which the entity operates, or for the market in which the asset is used.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining economic life.

An assessments is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset''s or cash-generating unit''s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as a revaluation increase.

e. Financial Instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

(i) Financial assets

The Company classified its financial assets in the following measurement categories :

- Those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income or through profit & loss)

- Those measured at amortized cost

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets (other than equity in subsidiaries) are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Equity investment in subsidiaries are recognised at cost. Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognized on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset. The difference between the transaction amount and amortised cost in case of interest free loan to subsidiaries based on expected repayment period is considered as deemed investment.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in following categories:

(i) Debt instruments at amortized cost

(ii) Debt instruments and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Debt instruments at amortized cost

A ''debt instrument'' is measured at the amortized cost if both the following conditions are met:

(i) Business model test : The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to released its fair value change), and

(ii) Cash flow characteristics test : Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. EIR is the rate that exactly discount the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate to the gross carrying amount of financial assets. When calculating the effective interest rate the company estimate the expected cash flow by considering all contractual terms of the financial instruments. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instruments at Fair value through profit and loss

FVTPL is a residual category for financial instruments. Any financial instrument, which does not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. gain or loss on a Debt instrument that is subsequently measured at FVTPL and is not a part of a hedging relationship is recognized in statement of profit or loss and presented net in the statement of profit and loss within other gains or losses in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these Debt instruments is included in other income.

Equity investments of other entities

All equity investments in scope of IND AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognized by an acquirer in a business combination to which IND AS103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income all subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to profit and loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e., removed from the Company''s statement of financial position) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a "pass through" arrangement and either;

(a) the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets or

(b) the Company has retained the contractual right to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred its right to receive cash flows from an an asset or has entered into a pass through agreement, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets, the financial asset is not derecognized.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets, the financial asset is not derecognized.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with IND AS 109, the Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure.

- Financial assets measured at amortised cost; e.g. Loans, Security deposits, trade receivable, bank balance , other financial assets etc.

- Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income ( FVTOCI)

- Financial guarantee contracts are which are not measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

The Company follows "simplified approach" for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables. Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivable and is adjusted for estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the estimates are analyzed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12- months ECL. As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward- looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward- looking estimates are analysed.

Reclassification of financial assets

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the its operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognized gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

(ii) Financial liabilities Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified at initial recognition as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company financial liabilities include loans and borrowings including bank overdraft, trade payable, trade deposits, retention money and other payables.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Trade Payables

These amounts represents liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 90 days of recognition. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using EIR method.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in IND AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

Loans and borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction cost incurred. After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortization process. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

f. Investment in Subsidiaries

The investment in subsidiaries are carried at cost as per IND AS 27. Investment carried at cost is tested for impairment as per IND AS 36 . An investor, regardless of the nature of its involvement with an entity (the investee), shall determine whether it is a parent by assessing whether it controls the investee.

On disposal of investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.

g. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Sales tax/ Value added tax (VAT)/ GST (Goods and Service Tax) is not received by the Company on its own account. Rather, it is collected on value added to the commodity by the seller on behalf of the government. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognized:

Shared Service Income

Revenue from shared services are recognised by reference to stage of completion of contract. The Company collects service tax/GST on behalf of the government and, therefore it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Company and is thus excluded from revenue.

Gain on sale of investments

On disposal of an investment, the difference between the carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is recognised to the profit and loss statement.

Interest Income

For all debt instruments measured at amortised cost, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in finance income in the statement of profit and loss.Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate.

Dividend Income

Dividend income is recognized when the Company''s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date.

h. Taxes: Taxes comprises current income tax and deferred tax Current income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961 and the income computation and disclosure standards (ICDS) enacted in India by using tax rates and tax laws that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.

Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences except:

- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss

- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future

Deferred tax assets (including MAT credit) are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized except:

- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss

- In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets (including MAT credit available) is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside the statement of profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Deferred tax includes Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) recognizes MAT credit available as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during specified period, i.e. the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. The Company reviews the "MAT credit entitlement" asset at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Company does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period.

Sales/ value added tax/ GST paid on acquisition of assets or on incurring expenses

Expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of sales/ value added taxes/ GST (Goods and Service Tax) paid, except:

- When the tax incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case, the tax paid is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item, as applicable

- When receivables and payables are stated with the amount of tax included

The net amount of tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the balance sheet.

i. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest expense as per effective interest rate [EIR]. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset until such time that the asset are substantially ready for their intended use. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.

j. Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

Company as a lessee

A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease.

Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the payment are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the losses in expected inflationary cost increase.

k. Provision and Contingent liabilities

Provisions

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not discounted to their present value (except where time value of money is material) and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the reporting date when discounting is used, the increase in provision due to passage of time is recognised as finance cost. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases, where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. the Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements unless the probability of outflow of resources is remote.

Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

l. Employee benefits Provident fund

The Company contributed to employees provident fund benefits through a trust "Max Financial Services Limited Provident Fund Trust" managed by Max Financial Services Limited (erstwhile Max India Limited) whereby amounts determined at a fixed percentage of basic salaries of the employees are deposited to the trust every month. The benefit vests upon commencement of the employment. The interest rate payable by the trust to the beneficiaries every year is notified by the government and the Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate. The Company has obtained actuarial valuation to determine the shortfall, if any, as at the Balance Sheet date.

Gratuity

Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognized immediately in the Balance Sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit (liabilities/assets). The Company recognized the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation under employee benefit expenses in statement of profit and loss

(i) Service cost comprising current service cost, past service cost, gain & loss on curtailments and non routine settlements.

(ii) Net interest expenses or income

Compensated Absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit .The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year end .Actuarial gains/ losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred. The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where Company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.

Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employee service upto the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amount expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. the liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

Long term incentive plan

The Company has a long term incentive plan for certain employees. The Company recognises benefit payable to employee as an expenditure, when an employee renders the related service on actual basis.

m. Share-based payments

Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share based payment transaction, whereby employees render services as a consideration for equity instruments(equity- settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model.

That cost is recognized, together with a corresponding increase in share-based payment (SBP) reserves in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits expense. The cumulative expense recognized for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognized in employee benefits expense.

Service and non-market performance conditions are not taken into account when determining the grant date fair value of awards, but the likelihood of the conditions being met is assessed as part of the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. Market performance conditions are reflected within the grant date fair value. Any other conditions attached to an award, but without an associated service requirement, are considered to be non-vesting conditions. Non-vesting conditions are reflected in the fair value of an award and lead to an immediate expensing of an award unless there are also service and/or performance conditions.

No expense is recognized for awards that do not ultimately vest because non-market performance and/ or service conditions have not been met. Where awards include a market or non-vesting condition, the transactions are treated as vested irrespective of whether the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, the minimum expense recognized is the expense had the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification. Where an award is cancelled by the entity or by the counterparty, any remaining element of the fair value of the award is expensed immediately through profit or loss.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

Cash-settled transactions

The cost of cash-settled transactions is measured initially at fair value at the grant date using a binomial model, further details of which are given in Note 30.4. This fair value is expensed over the period until the vesting date with recognition of a corresponding liability. The liability is remeasured to fair value at each reporting date up to, and including the settlement date, with changes in fair value recognized in employee benefits expense.

n. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

o. Earning per share

Basic and anti/diluted earnings per Equity Share are computed in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard 33 ''Earnings per Share'', notified accounting standard by the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules of 2015 (as amended). Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

p. Foreign currencies

Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the company operates (''the functional currency''). the Company''s financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (''Rs.) which is also the Company''s functional and presentation currency.

Foreign currency transactions are recorded on initial recognition in the functional currency, using the exchange rate prevailing at the date of transaction. However, for practical reasons, the Company uses an average rate if the average approximates the actual rate at the date of the transaction.

Measurement of foreign currency items at the balance sheet date

Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date.

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined.

Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized as income or expense in the period in which they arise with the exception of exchange differences on gain or loss arising on translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value which is treated in line with the recognition of the gain or loss on the change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognized in OCI or profit or loss are also recognized in OCI or profit or loss, respectively).

q. Fair value measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

(i) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

(ii) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient date are avilable to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the restated financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

(i) Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

(ii) Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

(iii) Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the restated financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company''s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring and non-recurring fair value measurement measured at fair value.

External valuers are involved for valuation of significant assets, such as properties and financial assets and significant liabilties. Involvement of external valuers is decided upon annually by the management. The management decided, after discussions with the Company''s external valuers which valuation techniques and inputs to use for each case.

At each reporting date, the management analyses the movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be remeasured or re-assessed as per the Company''s accounting policies.

The management in conjuction with the Company''s external valuers, also compares the change in the fair value of each asset and liability with relevant external sources to determine whether the change is reasonable.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

This note summarises accouting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.

- Disclosures for valuation methods, significant estimates and assumptions ( note 32)

- Quantitative disclosures of fair value measurement hierarchy ( note 32)

- Investment in unquoted equity shares of subsidiary (note no 5)

- Financial instruments ( including those carried at amortised cost) (note 32)

2C SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

The preparation of the Company''s financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected in future periods.

Judgements

In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements.

(a) Operating lease commitments - Company as lessee

The Company has taken various commercial properties on leases. the Company has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the arrangements, such as the lease term not constituting a substantial portion of the economic life of the commercial property, and that it does not retain all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and accounts for the contracts as operating leases. Refer note 28

Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

(a) Defined benefit plans

The cost of defined benefit plans (i.e. Gratuity benefit) is determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions which may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future pension increases. Due to the complexity of the valuation, the underlying assumptions and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date. In determining the appropriate discount rate, management considers the interest rates of long term government bonds with extrapolated maturity corresponding to the expected duration of the defined benefit obligation. The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables for the specific countries. Future salary increases and pension increases are based on expected future inflation rates. Further details about the assumptions used, including a sensitivity analysis, are given in Note 30.1

(b) Fair value measurement of financial instruments

When the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. The Company use Net asset value for valuation of investment in mutual fund. Refer note 32 related to fair valuation disclosures

(c) Impairment of Financial assets

The impairment provisions of financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. the Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on Company''s past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.

(d) Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An assets recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s CGU''S fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Company''s of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to it

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Mar 31, 2016

1. Corporate information

Max Ventures and Industries Limited (the Company) is a company registered under Companies Act, 2013 and incorporated on January 20, 2015. The Company has invested in business which is engaged in the businesses of Specialty Films. Its shares are in the process of listing on stock exchanges in India.

2. Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards specified under section 133 of the Companies Act 2013, read together with paragraph 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rule 2014. The financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention.

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

a) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods.

b) Tangible assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment losses (if any). The cost comprises purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of fixed assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized.

c) Depreciation

Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on a straight-line basis using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management. The company has used the following rates to provide depreciation on its fixed assets:

Useful lives (years)

Computers 6

d) Impairment of tangible assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) net selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the fifth year.

Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.

An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the company estimates the asset’s or cash-generating unit’s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

e) Leases

Where the Company is lessee

Leases where the less or effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis over the lease term.

Where the Company is less or

Leases in which the company does not transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in fixed assets. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss. Initial direct costs such as legal costs, brokerage costs, etc. are recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

f) Investments

Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

Current investments are carried in the financial statements at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.

On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceed is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.

g) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognized:

Shared Service Income

Revenue from shared services are recognized over the period of contract, as and when services are rendered. The Company collects service tax on behalf of the government and, therefore, it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Company and is thus excluded from revenue.

Interest

Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate. Dividend

Dividend income is recognized when the Company’s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date.

h) Foreign exchange transactions Initial recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion

Foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; and non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items, or on reporting such monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.

Forward exchange contracts not intended for trading or speculation purposes

The premium or discounts arising at the inception of forward exchange contracts is amortised and recognized as an expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange difference on such contracts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which the exchange rate changes. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of forward exchange contracts is recognized as income or expense for the period.

i) Employee Benefits Provident Fund

The Company contributed to employees provident fund benefits through a trust "Max India Limited Provident Fund Trust” managed by Max Financial Services Limited (erstwhile Max India Limited) whereby amounts determined at a fixed percentage of basic salaries of the employees are deposited to the trust every month. The benefit vests upon commencement of the employment. The interest rate payable by the trust to the beneficiaries every year is notified by the government and the Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate. The Company has obtained actuarial valuation to determine the shortfall, if any, as at the Balance Sheet date.

Gratuity

Employee benefit in form of gratuity plan is a defined benefit obligation. The cost of providing benefit under this plan are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation at end of each year using projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses for the defined benefit plan is recognized in full in the period in which they occur in the statement of profit and loss.

Leave Encashment

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred. The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where the Company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.

Long Term Incentive Plan

The Company has a long term incentive plan for certain employees. The Company recognizes benefit payable to employee as an expenditure, when an employee renders the related service on actual basis

j) Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss

Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income originating during the current year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. In situations where the company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits.

At each reporting date, the company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

k) Employee stock compensation cost

Employees (including directors) of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share based payment transactions, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) (Share based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014 and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, the cost of equity-settled transactions is measured using the intrinsic value method and recognized, together with a corresponding increase in the “Stock options outstanding account” in reserves. The cumulative expense recognized for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the company’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or credit recognized in the statement of profit and loss for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognized in employee benefits expense.

l) Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of the equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

m) Provisions

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event. It is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

n) Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

o) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement comprises of cash at bank, cash in hand and short term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.