Mar 31, 2025
2 Material Accounting Policies :
2.1 Statement of compliance
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), the provisions of the
Companies Act, 2013 (âthe Companies Actâ), as applicable and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of
India (âSEBIâ). The Ind AS are prescribed under Section 133 of the Act read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2015 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016.
The financial statements correspond to the classification provisions contained in Ind AS 1, âPresentation of Financial
Statementsâ. For clarity, various items are aggregated in the statements of profit and loss and balance sheet. These items
are disaggregated separately in the notes to the financial
statements, where applicable.
Accounting policies have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these financial statements.
2.2 Current versus non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification. An asset is treated
as current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading
- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the
reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
2.3 Basis of preparation and presentation
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured
at fair values at theend of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.
Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between
market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another
valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the
characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing
the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial
statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 17 and
measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in Ind AS 2 or value in
use in Ind AS 36.
In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2, or 3 based on the degree to
which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in
its entirety, which are described as follows:
- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the
measurement date;
- Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either
directly or indirectly; and
- Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
2.4 Use of estimates
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with the recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires
the management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities,
disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and
expense for the periods presented.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the
period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.
Key source of estimation of uncertainty at the date of the financial statements, which may cause a material adjustment to the
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, is in respect of valuation of deferred tax assets and
provisions and contingent liabilities.
V aluation of deferred tax assets
In view of uncertainty of future taxable profits, the Company has not recognized deferred tax asset (net of deferred tax liabilities)
at the year end.
2.5 Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can
be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration
received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on
behalf of the government.
The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognised:
a) Income is recognized on accrual basis except income related to non-performing assets, which is accounted on cash basis in
accordance with
prudential norms of Reserve Bank of India.
b) The Company has adopted Implicit Rate of Return (IRR) method of accounting in respect of finance charges income for hire
purchase/loan transactions. As per this method, the IRR involved in each hire purchase/loan transaction is recognized and
finance charges calculated by applying the same on outstanding principal financed thereby establishing equitable distribution of
income over the period of the agreement.
c) Interest on overdue installments is accounted for on receipt basis.
d) Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company
and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal
outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts
through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.
e) Dividend income is recognised at the time when right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when the
shareholders approve the dividend.
2.6 Foreign currencies
The functional currency of the Company is Indian rupee (Rs.).
Income and expenses in foreign currencies are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign
currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet
date and exchange gains and losses arising on settlement and restatement are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
2.7 Employee benefits
The Company provides post-employment benefits through various defined contribution and defined benefit plans.
2.7.1 Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into an independent fund administered
by the government. The Company has no legal or constructive obligations to pay further contributions after its payment of the
fixed contribution, which are recognised as an expense in the year in which the related employee services are received.
2.7.2 Defined benefit plans
The defined benefit plans sponsored by the Compamy define the amount of the benefit that an employee will received on
completion of services by reference to length of service and last drawn salary. The legal obligation for any benefits remains with
the Company.
Gratuity is post-employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognised in the financial
statements in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the reporting date, together with
adjustments for unrecognised actuarial gains or losses and post service costs. The defined benefit obligatoin is calculated at or
near the reporting date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.
Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are credited or charged to the
statement of OCI in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.
Other long-term employee benefits
Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed more than one year after the balance sheet
date is estimated on the basis of an actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit
method.
Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are credited or charged to the
statement of OCI in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.
Short-term employee benefits
Expenses in respect of other short term benefits is recognised on the basis of the amount paid or payable for the period during
which services are rendered by the employee.
2.8 Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
2.8.1 Current tax
2.8.2 Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the
financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities
are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible
temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible
temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference
arises from the initial recognition of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the
accounting profit.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no
longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is
settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the
reporting period.
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner
in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and
liabilities.
2.8.3 Current and deferred tax for the year
Current and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
2.09 Inventories
Repossessed assets are valued at the end at lower of book value or net realizable value as certified by the management of the
Company.
2.10 Property plant and equipment
The Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its plant and equipment (including freehold land) as at the
transition date, viz., 1 April 2015 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as its deemed cost as of the
transition date.
Property plant and equipment and capital work in progress are stated at cost of acquisition or construction net of
accumulated depreciation and impairment loss (if any).
Subsequent costs are included in the assetâs carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is
probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be
measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised. Repairs and maintenance are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss during the financial period in which they are incurred.
Depreciation is computed on Straight Line Method (''SLM'') based on estimated useful lives as determined by internal assessment
of the assets in terms of Schedule of II to the Companies Act, 2013.
The assetsâ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no
future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated
as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the income statement
when the asset is derecognised.
No further charge is provided in respect of assets that are fully written down but are still in use.
2.11 Intangible assets
Development of property (website) and software costs are included in the balance sheet as intangible assets, when they are
clearly linked to long term economic benefits for the Company. These are measured initially at purchase cost and then amortised
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.
2.12 Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any
indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e. higher
of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in- use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not
generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined
for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset
(or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
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